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Over the course of this three-year sequence, students conclude their formal study of arithmetic and number sense, study pre-algebra material in depth, and commence the formal study of algebra. Direct instruction, exercises, textbooks, and reference books are judiciously used, so that students can apply their knowledge to solve engaging and challenging problems. They share and compare multiple solutions to the same problem. Just as we distinguish between exercises and problems—with an emphasis on the latter— we distinguish between answers and the various solutions that can be used to arrive at the answers. Students leave Middle School comfortable with the use of mathematics as a language and problem-solving tool across disciplines.
Students solidify their arithmetic skills through the study of integer and rational number operations, including the order of operations. They begin working with variables as an introduction to algebraic thinking. They learn what a variable represents and how it can be used in algebraic expressions and equations. Students simplify expressions and solve one- and two-step equations. They learn to graph points in the coordinate plane, including tables of values that have a linear relationship. The mathematical ideas of equivalence and proportionality play a large role, as students learn about ratios, rates, and solving problems with percentages—laying the foundation for understanding the role that rational numbers play across mathematical strands. The year ends with students applying what they learned about algebraic expressions and equations to calculating area, surface area, and volume.
Students learn all topics covered in the regular 6th-grade curriculum at a faster pace. Throughout each unit, they progress to key topics in the 7th-grade curriculum, including solving multi-step algebraic equations and inequalities. They learn that equations with two variables have infinite solutions and how to graph them in the coordinate plane. Students explore a unit on linear equations, where they learn about slope and the slope-intercept form of linear equations, y=mx+b. In the unit on percentages, students also learn about percent of change and apply percent problems to real-world applications—such as simple interest, discounts, and sales tax.
Students delve into algebra topics in a variety of ways, including solving multi-step algebraic equations and inequalities. They learn that equations with two variables have infinite solutions and see how this is shown by graphing them in the coordinate plane. Algebra skills are further used in the study of angles and their relationships through intersecting lines, triangles, and parallel lines cut by transversals. They study statistics, culminating in designing an experiment and collecting data, which students learn to interpret statistically. Next is a unit on percents, in which students employ their algebra skills to solve complex, multi-step, real-world scenario percent problems. The year ends with lessons about probability, combinations, and permutations. Throughout the year, word problems and fraction operations are embedded in each unit.
Students in this course are introduced to a variety of challenging topics. We will pick up where the 6th-grade accelerated curriculum left off, by solving complex equations and inequalities, including solving problems that involve absolute value. Students build on their understanding of equations in two variables by learning other forms a linear equation can take, as well as graphing inequalities in two variables. From there, they learn a variety of methods to solve systems of equations and inequalities. Algebra skills are further used in the study of angles and their relationships through intersecting lines, triangles, and parallel lines cut by transversals. Students create their own hybrid of math and art through the study of transformations. They study statistics, culminating in designing an experiment and collecting data, which they learn to interpret statistically. The next two units of study are focused on preparing students to learn about quadratics. First, we learn about adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing polynomials. Next, we learn about a variety of methods to factor polynomials. Throughout the year, word problems and fraction operations are embedded in each unit.
Students continue their study of algebra with the study of topics that include balancing various types of equations, exponents and polynomials, factoring, quadratics, linear equations, and systems of equations. Emphasis is given to solving word problems that incorporate concepts of consecutive numbers, geometry, percentages, coin and value, investments, age, motion, and mixtures.
In this course, students study the 9th-grade curriculum, which is focused on a foundation of algebra and geometry presented through a purposeful sequence of problems. Algebra topics spiral with foundational topics of geometry throughout the year. Topics include: linear equations, inequalities, binomials, absolute value, quadratic equations, and systems of equations. Each of these topics is learned in the context of algebra and coordinate geometry, with an emphasis on problem solving throughout the course.
Tom Cutrofello joined the Trevor Faculty in 1997. He started his career teaching math in Manzini, Swaziland via the Peace Corps. Besides teaching middle school math, Tom is co-captain of the scheduling committee. During his free time, Tom is ‘puzzling,’ either with his collection of mechanical puzzles (ever growing) or play testing puzzle apps, which he reviews on his blog. Tom has published 27 articles for Games Magazine as their mechanical puzzle correspondent and is a proud member of Toastmasters International.
Deirdre graduated from the Fashion Institute of Technology with a BS in Marketing and Communications. In 2010, she earned her mathematics teaching credential from San Diego State University. She earned her MA in Administration from National University in 2018. Previously, Deirdre taught 5th grade mathematics and science at Manhattan Charter School. Still earlier, Deirdre taught mathematics at the high school, middle school, and elementary levels, in both public and charter schools—including the High Tech High organization, based in San Diego. Deirdre chose to teach at Trevor because she values the emphasis on inquiry-based learning. Trevor provides a platform for all students to be active participants in the learning process, which is crucial for student engagement and results.
RebeccaLancaster
Middle School Mathematics Teacher and Advisor, 7th Grade Dean and Professional Development Coordinator
Rebecca earned her BA from Columbia University and her MA from Relay Graduate School of Education. Rebecca was a 5th-, 7th-, and 8th-grade mathematics teacher at Achievement First Crown Heights Middle School, and until recently, a 7th-grade mathematics teacher and Grade Level Chair at KIPP AMP Academy Middle School in Brooklyn. Rebecca has also tutored at the middle school, high school, and college level, and worked at Camp GOALS for Girls at the Intrepid Museum.